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Unlike typical electrical lamps that use electrical connections through the lamp envelope to transfer power to the lamp, electrodeless lamps transfer the power from the outside of the lamp envelope by means of electromagnetic fields.
3 advantages of electrodless lamps in contrast with electroded lamps: |
- Extended lamp life without the electrodes.
- The ability to use high efficiency light-generating substances
- Improved collection efficiency
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2 types of electrodless lamps: plasma lamps based on the use of radio waves energizing a bulb filled with sulfur or metal halides, and induction lamp based upon conventional fluorescent lamp phosphors.
Today induction lamp is already commercialized and widely used. |
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| Theory of Induction Lamps: |
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Induction Lamp is based on the fundamental principles of electromagnetic induction and gas discharge to create light. Electromagnetic transformers, which consist of rings with metal coils, create an electromagnetic field around glass tube which contains the gas, using a high frequency that is generated by electronic ballast. The discharge path, induced by the coils, forms a closed loop causing acceleration of free electrons, which collide with mercury atoms and excite the electrons. As the excited electrons from these atoms fall back from this higher energy state to a lower stable level, they emit ultraviolet radiation. |
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| The UV radiation created is converted to visible light as it passes through a phosphor coating on the surface of the tube. Because there is no electrode, no filament to be damaged, its long performance life up to 10 years, lasting up to 100 times as long compared with incandescent lamp, 5-15 times compared with High Intensity Discharge lamp, 5-10 times compared with fluorescent lamp. |
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| The Advantages of Induction Lamps: |
- Long lifespan due to the lack of electrodes between 60,000 and 100,000 hours
- Very high energy conversion efficiency of between 62 and 90 Lum/w
- High power factor typically between 95% and 98%
- Minimal Lumen depreciation (declining light output with age)
- Instant-on and hot re-strike
- Environmentally friendly with less energy consumption, and less mercury per hour of operation due to long lifespan. The mercury is in a solid form and can be easily recovered if the lamp is broken, or for recycling at end-of-life
- No flicker and less glare provides maximum eyesight protection
- With considerable cost savings of between 35% and 55% in energy and maintenance costs
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